TLDR
- 2D Fusion AB says its fusion reactor parts and control systems will first ship in Q3 2029.
- The company expects a 1 GW plant on its technology to run commercially by 2032.
- It estimates power costs below €0.02 per kWh in the short term.
- Its reactors would run at 600 to 1,000 degrees C, using deuterium from water.
- The firm is privately owned and has a six-year plan for a public listing.
2D Fusion AB, a Swedish nuclear fusion start-up, announced on November 5, 2026 that its fusion energy products are now commercially available. The company said it will make the first deliveries of reactor elements and control systems in the third quarter of 2029. It did not give further comments beyond what is on its website.
The company said the first 1 GW fusion power plant built on its products is expected to be in commercial operation by 2032. It estimates the total production cost of the electricity at less than €0.02 per kWh in the short term. The firm did not publish a cost breakdown in the announcement.
How the reactor is designed to work
2D Fusion uses a deuterium-deuterium fusion process. Deuterium is a form of hydrogen found in heavy water, which occurs naturally in water. The company says the fuel is extracted as a gas.
The only product of the process, besides energy, is helium-4, according to the company. Helium-4 is an inert gas. The firm says the process leaves no radioactive waste.
The company compares this with uranium fission reactors, whose waste needs safe storage for 100,000 years. It says it collects and cycles the helium-4 for industrial use. It also says the gas could be released into the air, where it rises to the upper atmosphere.
Most fusion research aims to copy the Sun, which works at 100 million degrees C or more. 2D Fusion says its patented reactors operate at only 600 to 1,000 degrees C. That is the same range as uranium fission reactors today.
The company says two deuterium atoms produce 23.8 MeV of energy. It states this is 5 million times more energy per atom than chemical hydrogen power. It also says this is 200,000 times more than burning gasoline molecules.
2D Fusion adds that one truck of heavy water could replace 2 million truckloads of gasoline for the same energy. It says those trucks would form a line of 44,000 km. The Earth’s equator is about 40,000 km around.
Products, science and company plans
The firm lists nine product areas. These are fusion reactors, fusion batteries, marine jet propulsion, train and vehicle motors, aviation jet propulsion, car motors, deep space propulsion, portable power units and power supply units. Aircraft propulsion and cars are listed as part of its roadmap.
The company says its motors could power ships, trains and vehicles. It says trains could run without overhead power lines. It also says a car could need refuelling only once a year, at its annual service.
2D Fusion says its science builds on several papers. One is by company figure PJ Peltola, titled Low Energy D-D Fusion in a Magnetic Field. The company says it was submitted to the Journal of Condensed Matter Nuclear Science on March 1, 2026 and is under review.
The list also includes a 2026 Nature Communications paper on enhanced nuclear fusion at sub-keV energies. Other cited works date from 1993 to 2025. They cover deuterium loading in metals such as palladium and the effects of magnetic fields.
The company says its work comes from nearly a decade of deuterium-deuterium fusion research projects. It describes itself as privately owned. It says it started in Sweden in 2026 and plans to expand globally through products and licensing.
2D Fusion has a six-year plan for an IPO and public listing. The company says it is expanding its science and engineering staff. Acting CEO PJ Peltola said the company expects its invention to replace all fossil fuels and fission plants globally within 30 to 40 years.
